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To identify neuroendocrine cells and androgen receptors (ARs), possible predictors of cancer progression, in a series of untreated patients with incidental Stage T1a prostate cancer (PCa). Neuroendocrine cells may exert a dynamic role in the microenvironment of PCa. The AR is thought to have a central role in the propagation of prostate carcinogenesis. Prostatectomy specimens from 81 patients with...
To evaluate the time required for each component of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) performed by a single surgeon to identify the factors that expedite the learning curve. LRP is a technically demanding procedure with a lengthy learning curve. The LRP procedure was divided into 12 steps, and the time for each step was prospectively recorded during the first 50 consecutive patients undergoing...
To determine the cost-effectiveness of combined androgen blockade (CAB) with bicalutamide versus CAB with flutamide in men with Stage D2 prostate cancer. Both bicalutamide and flutamide are commonly used in CAB for prostate cancer. Although the cost of bicalutamide is more than that of flutamide, it is important that the efficacy, quality of life, and side effects are also considered when determining...
To expand the clinical use of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in treating patients with small prostates and symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BTX-A injection into the prostate in patients with voiding dysfunction and large prostates has been reported. Sixteen men with symptomatic BPH, a prostate volume less than 30 cm 3 , peak flow rate less than 12 mL/s, and with refractory disease...
To determine the risk factors for postprostatectomy inguinal hernia development. From January 1998 to June 2004, we investigated the medical records of 201 consecutive patients who had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy. Postoperatively, 25 (12.4%) of 201 patients developed an inguinal hernia. The preoperative factors, including age, presence of diabetes mellitus, smoking, and previous...
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is common in aging men, but rare in childhood. We report a case of juvenile prostatic hyperplasia in a 10-year-old boy, who visited our clinic for hematuria and voiding symptoms. Radiologic studies revealed a huge prostate protruding into the bladder. The prostate was 33 g. The prostate biopsy showed no evidence of cancer. At 13 years of age, he was seen again because...
To evaluate, in a retrospective review, whether the concept of effective core volume is useful for predicting the volume of a tumor focus identified by transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate gland. The tumor volume range was estimated according to the concept of an effective core volume using the numbers of total and positive biopsy cores from the peripheral zone and peripheral zone prostate...
To conduct a prospective controlled study assessing the safety and efficacy of the additional administration of subcutaneous low-dose heparin in patients receiving oral pentosan polysulfate (PPS) medication for interstitial cystitis. A total of 41 patients with interstitial cystitis who reported efficacy of oral PPS medication were divided into three groups (major, intermediate, and minor PPS response),...
To determine the rate of gram-positive localizations and whether repetitive cultures demonstrate consistent localization of gram-positive bacteria in patients with chronic prostatitis symptoms. We repeated localization cultures at different visits for untreated patients with chronic prostatitis symptoms. A total of 470 patients with chronic prostatitis had lower urinary tract localization cultures...
To evaluate men with abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings and a serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level less than 4.0 ng/mL who underwent prostate biopsy. A total of 986 patients undergoing prostate biopsy were documented to have DRE findings suspicious for prostate cancer and a serum PSA level of less than 4.0 ng/mL. We examined the serum PSA level, age, and race to see which...
Quick postoperative catheter removal remains one of the main goals of radical prostatectomy, but it leads to a greater risk of urinary leakage. Transrectal ultrasonography with enhancing contrast medium (Levovist) is a simple, effective, and minimally invasive examination to evaluate vesicourethral integrity.
A 19-year-old woman with a known allergy to iodinated contrast presented with intermittent, gross hematuria of 2 years’ duration. The patient was scheduled to undergo cystoscopy with bilateral retrograde pyelography, because this is considered a safe alternative to intravenous pyelography or computed tomography. Because of her contrast allergy, the patient completed a 13-hour steroid preparation before...
To evaluate the cause and significance of elevated activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in a group of patients who received a first-generation adenoviral vector (Ad-OC-TK) delivering a toxic gene to prostate cancer cells as part of a Phase I clinical trial at the University of Virginia. Eleven subjects were injected intratumorally to metastatic lesions of prostate cancer in the prostatic...
To evaluate holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in patients presenting in urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. From May 2000 to May 2004, 169 patients, with a mean age of 74 years, who presented in urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia underwent holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. The mean urinary volume drained at catheterization was 670...
To investigate the effects of edaravone on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the rat bladder. Increasing evidence has shown that I/R are major etiologic factors in the progression of bladder dysfunction induced by partial outlet obstruction, and that part of the damage is due to the generation of free radicals. Edaravone is a newly developed radical scavenging agent that has been used for protection...
Prostatitis is a common urologic disease seen in adult men. As many as 50% of men will experience an episode of prostatitis in their lifetime, and 2% to 3% of men will have bacterial prostatitis. Because the pathogenic mechanisms of prostatitis remain unclear, we developed a reproducible mouse model of bacterial prostatitis in which to study the etiology and host factors associated with infection...
To determine whether the change in prostate-specific antigen (PSA), change in Gleason sum, and/or interval between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy have an association with biochemical recurrence. The relationship between biochemical recurrence and the interval between biopsy and surgery, as well as the rate and amount of change in PSA and Gleason sum from biopsy to surgery, was evaluated...
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